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Cache (cache), the original value refers to high-speed memory, the access speed of which is higher than that of general random-access memory (RAM). It usually does not use DRAM technology like system main memory, but uses expensive but faster SRAM. technologies. Setting the cache is one of the important factors in the high performance of all modern computer systems.
The WWW is one of the most popular applications on the Internet and its rapid growth has caused network congestion and server overload, resulting in increased latency in client access, and the WWW's quality of service is becoming increasingly apparent. Caching technology is considered one of the effective ways to reduce server load, reduce network congestion and increase WWW scalability. Cache stores a copy, and the next time the content is accessed, it does not need to connect to the resident website, but is served by the copy stored in the cache.
Web content can be cached on the client, proxy, and server side. Studies have shown that caching technology can significantly improve the performance of the WWW, it can bring the following benefits:
1. Reduce network traffic, thereby alleviating congestion.
2. Reduce client access latency. The main reasons are:
⟹ Content cached on the proxy server can be retrieved directly from the proxy server instead of from a remote server, which reduces transmission latency;
⟹ Content that has not been cached may be quickly retrieved by clients due to network congestion and reduced server load.
3. Since some of the content of the client request can be obtained from the proxy, the load on the remote server is reduced.
4. If the remote server is unable to respond to the client's request due to a failure of the remote server or a network failure, the client can obtain a cached copy of the content from the proxy server, which improves the reliability of the WWW service.
The web caching system also brings the following benefits: improved system scalability, improved quality of service, and increased page loading speed.
However, there are some drawbacks, such as the need to update the cached content and the possibility of getting outdated information. In general, caching technology is an important tool for improving the performance and reliability of the WWW system.
The web caching system also brings the following problems:
1. Content received by a client through an agent may be out of date.
2. If the cache becomes invalid, the client access latency increases due to additional proxy processing overhead. Therefore, when designing a web caching system, we should strive to maximize the cache hit rate and minimize the cost of failure.
3. Proxy can become a bottleneck. Therefore, the agent should have an upper limit on the number of service clients and a lower limit on the efficiency of the service so that the agent system is as efficient as a client connecting directly to a remote server.
Cached content is updated in different ways, depending on the type of cache and its settings. For example, a web cache sits between one or more web servers and a client and keeps track of incoming requests while keeping copies of the responses.
When the cached content expires or becomes invalid, the (Cache) cache requests a new version of the content from the server and updates its copy. Various caching strategies can also be used to control the lifetime of cached content and its refresh.
There are many types of caches that are used in various areas of computer systems. For example, computer processors use (Cache) caches L1, L2 and L3. They are located at different levels of the memory hierarchy and have different sizes and access speeds.
Depending on the mapping method, the following types of caches are distinguished: direct-mapped cache, fully associative cache, and multiple associative cache. There are also web caches (web-Cache). Which are used to speed up the loading of web pages and reduce the load on servers.
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